Zirconium-containing refractories are made of natural zircon sand or industrial ZrO2. ZrO2 has good chemical resistance. Adding ZrO2 or zircon sand into some products can improve their chemical stability. 

Typical zirconium-containing refractories such as fused cast AZS consist of eutectic crystal of baddeleyite and corundum or eutectic crystal of baddeleyite, corundum and mullite. The crystal structure makes it have great resistance to molten glass. 

Corundum refractories and high alumina refractories have good chemical stability and high temperature performance, but poor thermal stability. With the addition of ZrO2, their thermal shock resistance can be greatly improved. 

Depending on the purity requirement, zirconium-containing refractories are directly made of industrial ZrO2 and zircon sand or made by adding industrial ZrO2 and zircon sand into other materials. Sintered AZS brick for the glass furnace is made of high purity zircon sand. Fused cast AZS is made of industrial ZrO2 and zircon sand. High alumina brick with strong spalling resistance for the cement kiln is made by adding zircon sand into high alumina raw materials. 

For continuous casting refractories, except fused cast high zirconia block, other zirconium-containing refractories are always made of zirconia produced by synthesis. 

Zirconium-containing refractories generally have high melting temperature, high chemical stability, good resistant to aggressive molten metal, slags and molten glass and good thermal shock resistance. 

Zirconium-containing refractories are generally used for high-temperature critical parts, such as ladles and the slag line of continuous casting sizing nozzle and submerged entry nozzle in the metallurgy industry; the melter, superstructure, sidewalls, and throat in the glass furnaces; the transition zone and suspension preheater in the cement kiln.

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