When a person experiences pain while they are chewing, it could be for a number of reasons. There are many different things that can cause tooth pain or sensitivity when a person is chewing, including:

Enamel Erosion
When teeth are exposed to the various acids which are found in food and drinks, a person’s enamel can begin to erode. Enamel is the protective outer layer of a person’s teeth. When it is eroded, it causes tooth sensitivity and pain.

Tooth Decay
Cavities and tooth decay can result in sensitivity while chewing. It is easy for bacteria and food to get into the internal parts of a decayed tooth. This can cause sensitivity and pain.

Root Canal Infection
Infections associated with root canal are some of the most common causes of tooth pain while chewing. A root canal infection occurs when a tooth is decaying and infects the nerve and blood vessels of a person’s tooth, causing sometimes severe pain when chewing.

Abscess
A tooth abscess is caused by a bacterial infection and results in the development of pockets of pus at the tip of a tooth’s root or in the gums. When pressure is applied to abscesses, it can cause extreme pain, which is why it could cause pain while someone is chewing.

Gum Recession
When a person’s gums begin to recede, sensitive areas of their teeth become exposed. This can cause tooth decay, tooth sensitivity, and tooth pain

Structural Damage
Damage to a person’s teeth like a dental crack or a loose filling can make it painful to eat. This is because structural damage allows bacteria to reach the inner nerves of a person’s teeth.

All of the factors described above can contribute to your toothache. Of course, if you want to know what kind of toothache you have, it's time to get a dental check-up, and it's important to choose a dental hospital with the best dental equipment. For example, hospitals have intraoral camera with screen, chair mounted dental light and so on.

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